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challenge
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音标：英 ['tʃælɪn(d)ʒ] 美 ['tʃælɪndʒ]
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解释：
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n. 挑战；怀疑
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vt. 向…挑战
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中文词源：
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challenge 挑战来自PIE*kel, 欺骗，挑刺，词源同calumny, cavil.词义褒义化，由贬义的挑刺到褒义的挑战。
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英文词源：
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challenge
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challenge: [13] The original notion contained in challenge in English was of ‘accusation’. The word comes, via Old French chalenge or calenge, from Latin calumnia ‘false charge, deception’ (source of English calumny [15]). By the early 14th century, the modern, more neutral sense of ‘inviting to a contest’ had emerged, however, and before the end of the 17th century the word’s accusatory connotations had virtually died out.
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Latin calumnia probably came from the verb calvī ‘deceive’. This may, via an unrecorded intermediary *calvilla, be related to Latin cavilla ‘raillery’, whose derived verb cavillārī was the source of English cavil [16].
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=> calumny
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challenge (n.)
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early 14c., "something one can be accused of, a fault, blemish;" mid-14c., "false accusation, malicious charge; accusation of wrong-doing," also "act of laying claim" (to something), from Anglo-French chalenge, Old French chalonge "calumny, slander; demand, opposition," in legal use, "accusation, claim, dispute," from Anglo-French chalengier, Old French chalongier "to accuse, to dispute" (see challenge (v.)). Accusatory connotations died out 17c. Meanings "an objection" in law, etc.; "a calling to fight" are from mid-15c. Meaning "difficult task" is from 1954.
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challenge (v.)
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c. 1200, "to rebuke," from Old French chalongier "complain, protest; haggle, quibble," from Vulgar Latin calumniare "to accuse falsely," from Latin calumniari "to accuse falsely, misrepresent, slander," from calumnia "trickery" (see calumny).
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From late 13c. as "to object to, take exception to;" c. 1300 as "to accuse," especially "to accuse falsely," also "to call to account;" late 14c. as "to call to fight." Also used in Middle English with sense "claim, take to oneself." Related: Challenged; challenging.
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双语例句：
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1. They rose to the challenge of entertaining 80 school-children for an afternoon.
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他们一个下午成功接待了80名学童。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. Online gaming allows players from around the world to challenge each other.
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网络游戏使得全球的玩家可以相互较量。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. This challenge will occupy Europe for a generation or more.
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这将是欧洲在未来二三十年或者更长的时间里所要面临的挑战。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. The new Germany must rise to the challenge of its enhanced responsibilities.
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一个崭新的德国必须迎接挑战，承担更多的责任。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. He said he's game for a similar challenge next year.
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他说他明年还愿意接受类似的挑战。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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The story was completely untrue and was successfully challenged in court.
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此案情纯属捏造，已在法庭上被揭穿。【牛津词典】
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She does not like anyone challenging her authority.
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她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。【牛津词典】
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This discovery challenges traditional beliefs.
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这项发现是对传统信念的冲击。【牛津词典】
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Mike challenged me to a game of chess.
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迈克硬逼着要和我下一盘棋。【牛津词典】
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The opposition leader challenged the prime minister to call an election.
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反对党领袖要求首相宣布进行大选。【牛津词典】
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The job doesn't really challenge her.
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这项工作不能真正考验出她的能力。【牛津词典】
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We were challenged by police at the border.
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我们在边境受到警察盘问。【牛津词典】
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Their legal challenge was unsuccessful.
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他们的法律质疑未获成功。【牛津词典】
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to mount a challenge
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发起挑战【牛津词典】
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It was a direct challenge to the president's authority.
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这是对主席权威的直接质疑。【牛津词典】
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an exciting/interesting challenge
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令人激动的 / 令人感兴趣的挑战【牛津词典】
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The role will be the biggest challenge of his acting career.
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扮演这个角色将是他演艺生涯中最大的挑战。【牛津词典】
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to face a challenge (= to have to deal with one)
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面临挑战【牛津词典】
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Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face.
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环境的破坏是我们所面临的最严峻的挑战之一。【牛津词典】
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Schools must meet the challenge of new technology (= deal with it successfully) .
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学校必须迎接新技术的挑战。【牛津词典】
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to accept/take up a challenge
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接受挑战【牛津词典】
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The men apparently opened fire after they were challenged by a patrol.
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显然，那些人是在受到一支巡逻队的盘问后开的火。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The new government's first challenge is the economy.
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新政府面临的第一个难题是经济问题。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The new Germany must rise to the challenge of its enhanced responsibilities...
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一个崭新的德国必须迎接挑战，承担更多的责任。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They rose to the challenge of entertaining 80 schoolchildren for an afternoon.
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他们一个下午成功接待了80名学童。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The demonstrators have now made a direct challenge to the authority of the government.
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示威者现在直接对政府的权威发出了质疑。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Democratic leaders have challenged the president to sign the bill...
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民主党领袖对总统签署这项法案提出了质疑。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The move was immediately challenged by two of the republics...
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此项动议立即遭到其中两个共和国的反对。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A mum slashed a neighbour's car tyre and challenged her to a fight after their daughters fell out...
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两家的女儿吵起来后，一个妈妈划破了邻居的车胎，说要和她较量较量。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He left a note at the scene of the crime, challenging detectives to catch him...
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他在犯罪现场留了个条儿，向警探挑衅。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I like a big challenge and they don't come much bigger than this...
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我喜欢大的挑战，而所有挑战中再没有比这更大的了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It is important to challenge society's preconceptions about disabled people.
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质疑社会对残疾人的成见极为重要.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The veriest coward would accept the challenge.
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就是那最懦弱的胆小鬼也会接受这种挑战.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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is something few can accomplishneeds some practice firstrequires a lot of patienceis a challenge at the beginningThey find it even more difficult.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Toilet paper manufacturers are facing a great challenge in promoting its sales.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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In a challenge for manufacturers, 81% of paper product users said they would consider buying recycled toilet tissue if it were comparable in quality to standard paper.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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We can live a peaceful life despite the various challenges of the modern world.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% of the world's fresh water.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars, terrorism, economic crises and a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases? The answer is yes, according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules: Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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They avoid challenges because challenges make mistakes more likely.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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Such children believe challenges are energizing rather than intimidating ( ' , 令人生畏); they offer opportunities to learn.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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It poses a great challenge for customers to do math.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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As a leader, it can be challenging to create an environment in which people will freely disagree and argue, but as the saying goes: From confrontation comes brilliance.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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There are, however, challenges.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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One of the challenges to build an interactive digital textbook from the ground up is that is takes a great deal of manpower【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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They hoped to challenge the claim that he never slept.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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Statistics and logic are both challenging subjects.【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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It is intellectually challenging.【出自-2010年6月听力原文】
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Mike Ellicock,chief executive of National Numeracy said we want to challenge this "I can't do maths" attitude that is prevalent in the UK, adding that it was vital that all primary school teachers understand key maths concepts as young children who fail t【2018年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A】
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Teaching ethics to a machine even more intelligent than we are will be the bigger challenge.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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The general consensus is that the best ones avoid mindless violence, and instead focus on strategy and challenge us to solve problems and achieve broad goals.【2019年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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These are games that challenge you to think deeply and to develop your analytical skills.【2019年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression, helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors.【2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C】
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While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure, including soda lobbyists made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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The video challenge does not put individual students on the hot seat—so it's less intimidating by design.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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The challenge is if certain types of people are doing something, it's difficult for other people to break into it, said Po-Shen Loh, the head coach of last year's winning U.S.Math Olympiad team.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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The Math Video Challenge is a competition, but a collaborative one.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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In the past few years, MathCounts added two new middle school programs to try to diversify its participant pool—the National Math Club and the Math Video Challenge.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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After the high-pressure Countdown round at this year's national MathCounts competition, in which the top 12 students went head to head solving complex problems in rapid fire, the finalists for the Math Video Challenge took the stage to show their videos.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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2% in November and December at stores open more than a year, a disappointing holiday season performance that capped a difficult year for a department store chain facing wideranging challenges.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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How does one figure out who is a weak teacher? Yes, that's a challenge.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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He challenges L】
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