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abandon
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音标：英 [ə'bænd(ə)n] 美 [ə'bændən]
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解释：
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n. 狂热；放任
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vt. 遗弃；放弃
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中文词源：
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来自古法语短语 à bandon，由 à（at，to）+ bandon（权力，管辖权）组成，字面意思就是“使自己处于……的管辖之下”，常用来表示放弃自己的权利、独立性或应尽的义务。其中法语单词 bandon（权力）与英语单词 ban（禁令）有关，而 ban 原本指的是封建领主在自己的领地上拥有管辖权，可以发布公告，要求或禁止人们做什么。同源词：ban（禁令），banish（放逐），bandit（强盗、法外之徒），contraband（走私、禁运品），banns（ 结婚预告）。
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英文词源：
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abandon
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abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘abandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
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=> banns, contraband
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abandon (v.)
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late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.). Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
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Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning.
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abandon (n.)
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"a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.
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双语例句：
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1. The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
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全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.
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市场可能会抛售该股票，从而令其股价下跌。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
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因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of financial constraints.
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他们决定放弃这次出游是因为财力有限。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Abandon hope all ye who enter here.
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汝等进入此地，须弃绝希望。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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The baby had been abandoned by its mother.
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这个婴儿被母亲遗弃了。【牛津词典】
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The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.
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研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。【牛津词典】
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Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.
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大雪迫使许多驾驶者弃车步行。【牛津词典】
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They had to abandon their lands to the invading forces.
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他们不得不舍弃土地，让侵略军占领。【牛津词典】
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He gave the order to abandon ship (= to leave the ship because it was sinking) .
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他下令弃船（因船快要沉没）。【牛津词典】
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The country abandoned its political leaders after the war.
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战后该国人民不再拥护他们的政治领袖。【牛津词典】
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By 1930 he had abandoned his Marxist principles.
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1930年时他已放弃了马克思主义信念。【牛津词典】
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They abandoned the match because of rain.
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因为下雨，他们中止了比赛。【牛津词典】
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She abandoned hope of any reconciliation.
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她对和解已不再抱有希望。【牛津词典】
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He abandoned himself to despair.
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他陷入绝望。【牛津词典】
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He signed cheques with careless abandon.
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他无所顾忌地乱开支票。【牛津词典】
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He claimed that his parents had abandoned him...
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他声称父母遗弃了他。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The road is strewn with abandoned vehicles.
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道路上满是弃置的车辆。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The authorities have abandoned any attempt to distribute food...
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当局中止了分发食物的尝试。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
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因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Logic had prevailed and he had abandoned the idea.
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最终理智占了上风，他打消了那个念头。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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We are scared to abandon ourselves to our feelings in case we seem weak or out of control.
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我们不敢放纵自己的情感，以免显得太过软弱或缺乏自制。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He has spent money with gay abandon...
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他肆意挥霍钱财。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Their permissiveness toward their children reflects the wild abandon of their own lives.
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他们对孩子的放任折射出他们自身生活的放浪形骸。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
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全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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What does the abandon ship alarm signal sound like?
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如何描述弃船员讯号的响声?【期刊摘选】
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They appealed to him to abandon the idea.
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他们请求他放弃这个想法.【期刊摘选】
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Abandon harsh words, and speak pleasantly instead.
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不讲粗话, 说话和气.【期刊摘选】
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The alarm was an abandon drill.
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刚才的警报是弃船演习.【期刊摘选】
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Companies are abandoning conventional functional departments and organising employees into crossdisciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattier fare.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.【出自-2015年考研阅读原文】
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