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glass
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音标：英 [glɑːs] 美 [ɡlæs]
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解释：
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n. 玻璃；玻璃制品；镜子
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vt. 反映；给某物加玻璃
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vi. 成玻璃状
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n. (Glass)人名；(英、法、德、意)格拉斯
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中文词源：
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glass 玻璃来自PIE*ghel, 照耀，发光，词源同gold, glitter.
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英文词源：
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glass
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glass: [OE] The making of glass goes back to ancient Egyptian times, and so most of the words for it in the various Indo-European languages are of considerable antiquity. In those days, it was far easier to make coloured glass than the familiar clear glass of today. In particular, Roman glass was standardly bluish-green, and many words for ‘glass’ originated in colour terms signifying ‘blue’ or ‘green’.
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In the case of glass, its distant ancestor was Indo-European *gel- or *ghel-, which produced a host of colour adjectives ranging in application from ‘grey’ through ‘blue’ and ‘green’ to ‘yellow’. Among its descendants was West Germanic *glasam, which gave German, Dutch, Swedish, and Danish glas and English glass. A secondary semantic development of the word’s base, glass being a shiny substance, was ‘shine, gleam’; this probably lies behind English glare [13], whose primary sense is ‘shine dazzlingly’ (the change of s to r is a well-known phonetic phenomenon, termed ‘rhoticization’).
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Irish gloine ‘glass’ also comes from Indo-European *g(h)el-, and French verre and Italian vetro ‘glass’ go back to Latin vitrum ‘glass’ (source of English vitreous), which also meant ‘woad’, a plant which gives a blue dye. The use of the plural glasses for ‘spectacles’ dates from the mid-17th century. The verb glaze [14] is an English derivative of glass.
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=> glaze
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glass (n.)
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Old English glæs "glass; a glass vessel," from Proto-Germanic *glasam "glass" (cognates: Old Saxon glas, Middle Dutch and Dutch glas, German Glas, Old Norse gler "glass, looking glass," Danish glar), from PIE *ghel- (2) "to shine," with derivatives referring to bright materials and gold (cognates: Latin glaber "smooth, bald," Old Church Slavonic gladuku, Lithuanian glodus "smooth"). The PIE root also is the ancestor of widespread words for gray, blue, green, and yellow, such as Old English glær "amber," Latin glaesum "amber" (which might be from Germanic), Old Irish glass "green, blue, gray," Welsh glas "blue."
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Restricted sense of "drinking glass" is from early 13c. and now excludes other glass vessels. Meaning "a glass mirror" is from 14c. Meaning "glass filled with running sand to measure time" is from 1550s; meaning "observing instrument" is from 1610s.
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glass (v.)
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late 14c., "to fit with glass;" 1570s, "to cover with glass," from glass (n.). Related: Glassed; glassing.
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glass (adj.)
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Old English glæs, from glass (v.). Middle English also had an adjective glazen, from Old English glæsen. The glass snake (1736, actually a limbless lizard) is so called for the fragility of its tail. The glass slipper in "Cinderella" perhaps is an error by Charles Perrault, translating in 1697, mistaking Old French voir "ermine, fur" for verre "glass." In other versions of the tale it is a fur slipper. The proverb about people in glass houses throwing stones is attested by 1779, but earlier forms go back to 17c.: Who hath glass-windows of his own must take heed how he throws stones at his house. ... He that hath a body made of glass must not throw stones at another. [John Ray, "Handbook of Proverbs," 1670]
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Glass-house is from late 14c. as "glass factory," 1838 as "greenhouse."
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双语例句：
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1. The theatre is a futuristic steel and glass structure.
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这家剧院是钢筋和玻璃结构的未来派建筑。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. He asked for a glass of port after dinner.
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晚饭后，他要了一杯波尔图葡萄酒。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. Visitors see the painting from behind a plate glass window.
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参观者隔着平板玻璃橱窗欣赏那幅画。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. I poured a little more bourbon into my glass.
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我又往酒杯里倒了点儿波旁威士忌。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. He stared at the rain spattering on the glass.
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他凝视着雨点溅落在玻璃上。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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We keep all our glass and china in this cupboard.
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我们把所有玻璃器皿和瓷器都放在这个橱里。【牛津词典】
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She has a fine collection of Bohemian glass.
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她收藏了一批做工精细的波希米亚玻璃制品。【牛津词典】
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In case of emergency, break the glass and press the button.
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如遇紧急情况，击碎玻璃罩按下按钮。【牛津词典】
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a pair of glasses
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一副眼镜【牛津词典】
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dark glasses
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墨镜【牛津词典】
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I wear glasses for driving.
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我开车时戴眼镜。【牛津词典】
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a glassed-in pool
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装有玻璃屋顶的游泳池【牛津词典】
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He drank three whole glasses.
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他喝了满满三杯。【牛津词典】
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a glass of sherry/wine/water, etc.
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一杯雪利酒、葡萄酒、 水等【牛津词典】
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a wine glass
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葡萄酒杯【牛津词典】
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a sherry glass
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雪利酒杯【牛津词典】
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The vegetables are grown under glass (= in a greenhouse ) .
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这些蔬菜是在玻璃温室种植的。【牛津词典】
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I cut myself on a piece of broken glass .
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我被一块碎玻璃划伤了。【牛津词典】
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a glass bottle/dish/roof
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玻璃瓶 / 盘 / 屋顶【牛津词典】
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frosted/toughened glass
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毛 / 钢化玻璃【牛津词典】
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a sheet/pane of glass
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一片玻璃；一块窗玻璃【牛津词典】
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He took off his glasses.
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他摘掉眼镜。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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There's a glittering array of glass to choose from at markets.
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市场上有很多晶莹闪亮的玻璃制品可供挑选。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...a pane of glass.
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一块玻璃【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...a sliding glass door.
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玻璃推拉门【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Grossman raised the glass to his lips.
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格罗斯曼把杯子举到唇边。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Everywhere you look, you can see glass and concrete monstrosities going up.
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到处你都能看到玻璃和混凝土的庞然大物拔地而起.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Another glass won't hurt you.
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再喝一杯对你也无妨.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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Playing the piano sets up resonance in those glass ornaments.
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一弹钢琴那些玻璃饰物就会产生共振.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Pour milk out of the bottle into the glass.
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把牛奶从瓶子里倒到玻璃杯里去.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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They make bottles out of glass.
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他们用玻璃做瓶【《用法词典》】
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Drink this glass of wine.
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这杯酒你喝了它.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The rounded edges, cool glass, smooth and unknowable as a pebble ( ' , 鹅卵石).【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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There are many commonly held beliefs about eye glasses and eyesight that are not proven facts.【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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For instance, some people believe that wearing glasses too soon weakens the eyes【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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But there is no evidence to show that the structure of eyes is changed by wearing glasses at a young age.【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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Studies show that for adults there is no danger, but children can develop loss of vision if they have glasses inappropriate for their eyes【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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What do studies about wearing the wrong glasses show?【出自-2011年6月听力原文】
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Building a neon sign is an art practiced by professionals trained on the job to mold glass tubes into decorative shapes and letters.【2018年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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Shimmering glass towers line the canal's edge.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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So why are American women so far ahead of their Swedish counterparts in breaking through the glass ceiling?【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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As for breaking through the glass ceiling in business,American women are well in the lead【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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Despite its failure to shatter the glass ceiling,Sweden has one of the most powerful and innovative economies in the world.【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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It's possible Merian used a magnifying glass to capture the detail of the split tongues of sphinx moths depicted in the painting.【2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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I've often heard that medieval glass windows are thicker at the bottom because glass flows like a fluid.【2018年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section A】
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The Tanzanian government has once again started mining the lake for soda ash, used for making chemicals, glass and detergents.【2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C】
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And they are as clear as glass.【2015年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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And we'll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short, wide glass than a tall, skinny glass.【2015年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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Collection consists of masterworks in sculpture, colored glass, and precious objects from Europe dating from about the 9th to the 15th century.【2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文】
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I'm sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.【2015年高考英语湖北卷 单项选择 原文】
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Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful?【2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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It sells excellent European glass collections.【2018年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读A 选项】
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Papa, at the head of the table, would push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine, ready to listen.【2015年高考英语福建卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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She glanced down at me through her glasses, "you are no different from your classmates, young man.【2015年高考英语重庆卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文】
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That photo is a reminder, a captured moment, an unspoken conversation between two women, separated only by a thin square of glass.【2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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The bus hit a lamp post and it broke the glass on the front door before Harvold managed to bring the bus to a stop.【2017年高考英语浙江卷（11月） 完形填空 原文】
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Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums.【2018年高考英语全国卷3 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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Eight monumental curving staircases of granite with over 4,000 individually cast bronze balusters are capped by four skylight domes and two stained glass rotundas.【出自-2018年考研阅读原文】
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But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings' details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time. 【2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future.【2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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Quotas get action: they "open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling, " according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.【2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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We need to take a magnifying glass to that.【2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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