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California
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音标：英 [,kælɪ'fɔ:njə] 美 [,kælɪ'fɔnjə]
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解释：
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n. 加利福尼亚（美国一个州）
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助记提示：
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原为加利福尼亚半岛的名字（就是现在墨西哥西岸的那个长长的半岛），是首先到达当地的西班牙探险家埃尔南多·科尔蒂斯起的。California这个词是从一本西班牙探险小说里借用的虚构地名。小说里，California是亚洲印度河的一个岛屿，和理想之国离得不远。而再追根朔源，这本小说的作者奥尔多内斯·德·蒙塔尔瓦在创作这部作品时，把该岛定为一个气候炎热且干燥的地方。其地名为西班牙语中Caliente和Fornalla的结合变体，意思为”热的火炉“。埃尔南多·科尔蒂斯来到墨西哥和美国的西海岸，就把下加利福尼亚湾以西的炎热干燥的土地当做了小说中的岛屿，California因此得名。
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英文词源：
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California
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name of an imaginary realm in "Las sergas de Esplandián" ("Exploits of Espladán"), a romance by Spanish writer Garci Ordóñez de Montalvo, published in 1510. It was a sequel to his "Amadis de Gaula," and was said to have been influential among Spanish explorers of the New World. It could have led them to misidentify Baja California as this mythical land and to mistake it for an island. The Amadis tales are the Iberian equivalent of the Arthurian romances; they are older than 1510 (traces of them have been found mid-14c.) and were wildly popular. That conquistadors and sailors would have known the story in all its imaginative detail is hardly surprising. Amadis de Gaula ... set a fashion: all later Spanish writers of books of chivalry adopted the machinery of Amadis de Gaula. Later knights were not less brave (they could not be braver than) Amadis; heroines were not less lovely (they could not be lovelier) than Oriana; there was nothing for it but to make the dragons more appalling, the giants larger, the wizards craftier, the magic castles more inaccessible, the enchanted lakes deeper. Subsequent books of chivalry are simple variants of the types in Amadis de Gaula: Cervantes made his barber describe it as 'the best of all books of this kind.' This verdict is essentially just. Amadis de Gaula was read everywhere, especially in the French version of Herberay des Essarts. It was done into Hebrew during the sixteenth century, and attracted readers as different as St Ignatius of Loyola and Henry of Navarre. Its vogue perhaps somewhat exceeded its merit, but its merits are not inconsiderable. [James Fitzmaurice-Kelly, "Spanish Literature," 1922 edition]
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Where Montalvo got the name and what it means, if anything, is a mystery. Californian is attested from 1785. The element Californium (1950) was named in reference to University of California, where it was discovered.
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双语例句：
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1. He majored in finance at Claremont Men's College in California.
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他在加利福尼亚州的克莱尔蒙特男子学院主修金融专业。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. He now controls the largest retail development empire in southern California.
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他现在掌管着加州南部最大的零售发展企业。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. The prime example is Macy's, once the undisputed king of California retailers.
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最典型的例子是梅西百货，它曾经是加利福尼亚无可争辩的零售巨头。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. An earthquake measuring 6.1 on the Richter Scale struck California yesterday.
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昨天加利福尼亚发生了里氏6.1级地震。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. He remains in a critical condition in a California hospital.
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他在加州的一家医院里，病情仍然十分危急。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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He majored in finance at Claremont Men's College in California.
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他在加利福尼亚州的克莱尔蒙特男子学院主修金融专业。【柯林斯例句】
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He now controls the largest retail development empire in southern California.
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他现在掌管着加州南部最大的零售发展企业。【柯林斯例句】
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The prime example is Macy's, once the undisputed king of California retailers.
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最典型的例子是梅西百货，它曾经是加利福尼亚无可争辩的零售巨头。【柯林斯例句】
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He remains in a critical condition in a California hospital.
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他在加州的一家医院里，病情仍然十分危急。【柯林斯例句】
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A steady stream of California traffic clogs the air with pollutants.
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加利福尼亚川流不息的车流使空气中充斥着污染物。【柯林斯例句】
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His nose had been reddened by unaccustomed exposure to the California sun.
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经过加州阳光不同寻常的照射，他的鼻子晒红了。【柯林斯例句】
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Half of California's deceased opt for cremation.
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加利福尼亚州有一半的亡故者选择火葬。【柯林斯例句】
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California's state Constitution includes a guarantee of privacy.
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加利福尼亚的州宪法涵盖对隐私权的保障.【柯林斯例句】
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We are going West to California.
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我们西行前往加利福尼亚。【柯林斯例句】
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He's bronzed from a short holiday in California.
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他在加利福尼亚度过了一段短暂假期，皮肤晒成了古铜色。【柯林斯例句】
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California's been particularly hard hit by the recession.
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加利福尼亚受经济衰退的影响尤为严重。【柯林斯例句】
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Outside California these difficulties may seem fairly trifling.
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在别处，加利福尼亚的这些困难可能看起来相当微不足道。【柯林斯例句】
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The soprano was a chunky girl from California.
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女高音歌手是个来自加利福尼亚的壮硕姑娘。【柯林斯例句】
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the California state capitol
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加利福尼亚州议会大厦【《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》】
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colourful postcards of California
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五颜六色的加利福尼亚明信片【《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》】
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It didn't take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her total recall, and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects ( ' , including Veiseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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One of Google’s self-driving cars crashed into a bus in California last month.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Werbach gives the example of several Disneyland hotels in Anaheim, California, which used large digital leaderboards to display how efficiently laundry workers were working compared to one another.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low-power appliances and solar panels【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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The accident occurred in Riverside California.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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A California television station in Fresno reported Tuesday that James Savage set a record as the youngest swimmer to make the journey to the former prison.【2019年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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A nine-year-old central California boy braved strong currents and cold water to swim from San Francisco to Alcatraz Island and back.【2019年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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California has been facing a drought for many years now, with certain areas even having to pump freshwater hundreds of miles to their distribution system.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Days after the deadly 2017 wildfires in Santa Rosa, California, a drone (无人机) caught footage (连续镜头) of a USPS worker, Trevor Smith, driving through burned homes in that familiar white van, collecting mail in an affected area.【2019年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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In 2012, the company distributed more than 1,200 MedPacks to Medical Reserve Corps groups in California.【2019年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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In contrast, California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more restrictive rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and ban commercial use of self-driving technology.【2019年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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In Southern California, Loma Linda University School of Medicine is offering specialized training for its resident physicians in lifestyle Medicine—that is a formal specialty in using food to treat disease.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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It didn't take long for magazines and documentary filmmakers to come to understand her "total recall", and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects including Veise have since come forward and contacted the team at the University【2017年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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It is profitable to drill to depths more than 1,000 feet for oil and gas extraction, but only recently in California has it become profitable to pump water from this depth.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible.【2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
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Nadeau is part of a small revolution developing across California.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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One of Google's self-driving cars crashed into a bus in California last month.【2017年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A】
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Several times a month, you can find a doctor in the aisles of Ralph's market in Huntington Beach, California, wearing a white coat and helping people learn about food.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog.【2018年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A】
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The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number of suicides in the last six years.【2018年6月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
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The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Chub, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s.【2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B】
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They are already on California roads, so it is not too soon to ask whether we can program a machine to act ethically.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in 2014.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Wells are much more reliable sources of freshwater, and California is hoping that these deep wells may be the answer to their severe water shortage.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section C】
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Werbach gives the example of several disneyland hotels in Anaheim, California, which used large digital leaderboards to display how efficiently laundry workers were working compared to one another.【2016年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B】
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The Los Angeles Math Circle, held at the University of California, Los Angeles, began in 2007 with 20 students and now has more than 250.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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On top of the tragic loss of life, the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future of space tourism, even before it has properly begun.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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A recent review of California community colleges found that while a third of the Asian students picked up their degrees, only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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How many African-American students earned their degrees in California community colleges according to a recent review【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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David Card, an economist at UC Berkeley, notes that the ones who profit most directly from immigrants' low-cost labor are businesses and employers – meatpacking plants in Nebraska, for instance, or agricultural businesses in California.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Even for those most acutely affected – say, low-skilled workers, or California residents – the impact isn't all that dramatic【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Talking honestly "People no】
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