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race
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音标：英 [reɪs] 美 [res]
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解释：
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n. 属，种；种族，人种；家庭，门弟
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vt. 使参加比赛；和…竞赛；使急走，使全速行进
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vi. 比速度，参加竞赛；全速行进
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n. (Race)人名；(英)雷斯；(塞)拉采
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中文词源：
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race 比赛，竞赛，人种，种族1.来自古英语 raes,跑动，跳，来自 Proto-Germanic*res,置换自 PIE*ers,移动，运动，词源同 errand.引申词义比赛，竞赛。 2.人种，种族，来自中古法语 razza,种族，世系，家族，可能来自拉丁语 radix,根，词源同 root,radish.
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英文词源：
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race
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race: For such a common word – or rather two words, for ‘people, population’ [16] and ‘speed competition’ [13] are unrelated – surprisingly little is known about the origins of race. The former comes via French from Italian razza, but the antecedents of razza are obscure. The ‘running’ race originally meant ‘rush’, and was borrowed from Old Norse rás ‘rush, running, race’ – again, of unknown origin.
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race (n.1)
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"act of running," c. 1300, from Old Norse ras "running, rush (of water)," cognate with Old English ræs "a running, a rush, a leap, jump; a storming, an attack;" or else a survival of the Old English word with spelling influenced by the Old Norse one. The Norse and Old English words are from Proto-Germanic *res- (cognates: Middle Dutch rasen "to rave, rage," German rasen, Old English raesettan "to rage" (of fire)), from a variant form of PIE *ers- (1) "be in motion" (see err). Originally a northern word, it became general in English c. 1550. Meaning "act of running" is from early 14c. Meaning "contest of speed" first recorded 1510s.
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race (n.2)
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"people of common descent," a word from the 16th century, from Middle French race, earlier razza "race, breed, lineage, family" (16c.), possibly from Italian razza, of unknown origin (cognate with Spanish and Portuguese raza). Etymologists say no connection with Latin radix "root," though they admit this might have influenced the "tribe, nation" sense.
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Original senses in English included "wines with characteristic flavor" (1520), "group of people with common occupation" (c. 1500), and "generation" (1540s). Meaning "tribe, nation, or people regarded as of common stock" is by 1560s. Modern meaning of "one of the great divisions of mankind based on physical peculiarities" is from 1774 (though as OED points out, even among anthropologists there never has been an accepted classification of these).Just being a Negro doesn't qualify you to understand the race situation any more than being sick makes you an expert on medicine. [Dick Gregory, 1964]
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In mid-20c. U.S. music catalogues, "Negro." Klein suggests these derive from Arabic ra's "head, beginning, origin" (compare Hebrew rosh). Old English þeode meant both "race, folk, nation" and "language;" as a verb, geþeodan, it meant "to unite, to join."
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race (v.)
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c. 1200, rasen "to rush," from a Scandinavian source akin to the source of race (n.1), reinforced by the noun in English and by Old English cognate ræsan "to rush headlong, hasten, enter rashly." Meaning "run swiftly" is from 1757. Meaning "run in competition against" is from 1809. Transitive sense of "cause to run" is from 1860. In reference to an engine, etc., "run with uncontrolled speed," from 1862. Related: Raced; racing.
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race (n.3)
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"strong current of water," c. 1300, originally any forward movement or swift running, but especially of water, from Old Norse ras "a rushing" (see race (n.1)). Via Norman French the word entered French as ras, which might have given English race its specialized meaning of "channel of a stream" (especially an artificial one to a mill), which is recorded in English from 1560s.
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双语例句：
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1. Before the race, he is fine. But afterwards he is worn out.
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赛前他状态很好，赛后就筋疲力尽了。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. Duke was soundly defeated in this month's Louisiana governor's race.
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杜克在本月的路易斯安那州长竞选中大败而归。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. Few jockeys continue race-riding beyond the age of 40.
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很少有职业赛马骑师超过40岁仍继续参加赛马的。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. It was peopled by a fiercely independent race of peace-loving Buddhists.
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那里住着一个与世隔绝的种族，人们都是爱好和平的佛教徒。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. The women's race was won by the American, Patti Sue Plumer.
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女子赛跑的冠军被美国人帕蒂·休·普卢默夺得。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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a race between the two best runners of the club
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俱乐部中两名最佳选手的赛跑【牛津词典】
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Who won the race ?
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谁赢了赛跑？【牛津词典】
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He's already in training for the big race against Bailey.
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为了跟贝利一决雌雄，他已经着手训练了。【牛津词典】
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Their horse came third in the race last year.
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他们的马在去年的比赛中获得了第三名。【牛津词典】
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a boat/horse/road, etc. race
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划船比赛、赛马、公路赛等【牛津词典】
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a five-kilometre race
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五公里赛跑【牛津词典】
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Shall we have a race to the end of the beach?
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咱们比赛跑到海滩那一头，好吗？【牛津词典】
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the race for the presidency
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总统竞选【牛津词典】
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The race is on (= has begun) to find a cure for the disease.
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人们开始争相寻找这种疾病的疗法。【牛津词典】
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to go to the races
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去参加赛马会【牛津词典】
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the Caucasian/Mongolian, etc. race
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白种人、蒙古人种等【牛津词典】
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people of mixed race
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混合种族的人【牛津词典】
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This custom is found in people of all races throughout the world.
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这一习俗在全世界各种族中都有。【牛津词典】
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The women's race was won by the American, Patti Sue Plumer.
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女子赛跑的冠军被美国人帕蒂·休·普卢默夺得。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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In the 10 years I raced in Europe, 30 drivers were killed...
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在我10年的欧洲赛车生涯中，有30名车手丧生。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They may even have raced each other — but not regularly.
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他们甚至可能曾经相互比试过，只不过不是经常性的。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The high point of this trip was a day at the races.
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此行的高潮是去看赛马会的那一天。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The race for the White House begins in earnest today...
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入主白宫的角逐今天正式开始。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The race is on to build up membership fast.
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举办这次竞赛是为了迅速招募成员。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The College welcomes students of all races, faiths, and nationalities...
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学院欢迎所有的学生，无论其种族、宗教信仰和国籍是什么。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Discrimination by employers on the grounds of race and nationality was illegal.
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雇主以种族或国籍为由歧视员工是非法的。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He raced across town to the State House building...
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他快速穿过市区赶往州议会大厦。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The hares raced away out of sight.
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野兔飞奔而去，很快就看不见了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Do they realize we are racing towards complete economic collapse?...
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他们意识到我们的经济马上要彻底崩溃了吗？【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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American economic growth raced ahead.
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美国的经济飞速增长。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He still raced sports cars as often as he could.
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他仍然尽可能经常地参加赛车比赛。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I made sure I sounded calm but my mind was racing...
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我确保自己听上去很镇定，但脑筋却飞快地转着。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Already her mind was racing ahead to the hundred and one things she had to do...
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她的脑子已经急速地转动起来，思考自己必须做的那一大堆事。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Her heart raced uncontrollably.
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她控制不住地心跳加速。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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An air force spokesman said the rescue operation was a race against time.
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一名空军发言人说这次营救行动是在和时间赛跑。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He estimated that the comfort level will increase considerably in five to ten years3) One dog has been killed and multiple dogs have been injured by a snowmobile driver in what appears to be an intentional attack on competitors in the Iditarod Race in Alaska.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Although this incident very much alters the race of the two participants competing for a win, both are going to continue on their way toward the finish line.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Several recent studies have found that being randomly (随机地) assigned to a roommate of another race can lead to increased tolerance but also to a greater likelihood (可能性)of conflict.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Recent reports found that lodging with a student of a different race may decrease prejudice and compel students to engage in more ethnically diverse friendships【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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At Penn, students are not asked to indicate race when applying for housing.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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The RA said that these conflicts have also occurred among roommates of the same race【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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The school randomly assigns roommates without regard to race【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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According to two recent studies, randomly assigned roommates of different races are more likely to experience conflicts so strained that one roommate will move out.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Conflicts between students of different races are unavoidable【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Students of different races are prejudiced against each other.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Roommates of different races just don't get along【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Students of different races are required to share a room.【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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Lodging is assigned to students of different races without exception【出自-2011年6月阅读原文】
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It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Well, I always loved racing bikes and fixing them.【出自-2012年6月听力原文】
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Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of height, but rather one to collect the most solar energy.【2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A】
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One dog has been killed and multiple dogs have been injured by a snowmobile driver in what appears to be an intentional attack on competitors in the Iditarod Race in Alaska.【2017年6月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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Middle-class and higher-income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Mr.Ishiguro, have you ever found one of your books at a secondhand bookstore? According to a study of race and equity in education, black athletes are dropping out of college across the country at alarming rates.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question, repeated across a dozen environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic revival.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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a basis for explaining human genetic diversityan aid to understanding different populationsan explanation for social and cultural differencesa term to describe individual human characteristicsmodern genetics research is likely to fuel racial conflictsrace is a poorly defined marker of human genetic diversityrace as a biological term can explain human genetic diversitygenetics research should consider social and cultural variablesit is absolutely necessary to put race aside in making diagnosisit is important to include social variables in genetics researchracial categories for genetic diversity could lead to wrong clinical predictionsdiscrimination against black people may cause negligence in clinical treatmentThey be more precise with the language they use.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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While we argue phasing out racial terminology ( ' , 术语 ) in the biological sciences, we also acknowledge that using race as a political or social category to study racism, although filled with lots of challenges, remains necessary given our need to understand how structural inequities and discrimination produce health disparities ( ' , 差异 ) between groups, Yudell said.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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Today, the mainstream belief among scientists is that race is a social construct without biological meaning.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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The researchers also acknowledged that there are a few areas where race as a construct might still be useful in scientific research: as a political and social, but not biological, variable.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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Physiological disparities are quite striking among races.【出自-2016年12月阅读原文】
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More than a century has passed since explorers raced to plant their flags at the bottom of the world, and for decades to come this continent is supposed to be protected as a scientific preserve, shielded from intrusions like military activities and mining.
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