1、
die
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音标：英 [daɪ] 美 [daɪ]
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解释：
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vi. 死亡；凋零；熄灭
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vt. 死，死于…
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n. 冲模，钢模；骰子
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n. (Die)人名；(西)迭；(阿拉伯)迪埃
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助记提示：
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谍〈die〉报工作危险，多是九死一生
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中文词源：
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die 死来自PIE*dheu, 离开，死亡，词源同dead, death.
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die 骰子来自拉丁语datum, 给予，词源同date, donate. 原指掷骰子，后指骰子。
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英文词源：
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die
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die: English has two distinct words die. The noun, ‘cube marked with numbers’, is now more familiar in its plural form (see DICE). The verb, ‘stop living’ [12], was probably borrowed from Old Norse deyja ‘die’. This, like English dead and death, goes back ultimately to an Indo- European base *dheu-, which some have linked with Greek thánatos ‘dead’.
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It may seem strange at first sight that English should have borrowed a verb for such a basic concept as ‘dying’ (although some have speculated that a native Old English verb *dīegan or *dēgan did exist), but in fact it is a not uncommon phenomenon for ‘die’ verbs to change their meaning euphemistically, and therefore to need replacing by new verbs. In the case of the Old English verbs for ‘die’, steorfan survives as starve and sweltan in its derivative swelter, while cwelan is represented by the related cwellan ‘kill’, which has come down to us as quell.
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=> dead, death
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die (v.)
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mid-12c., possibly from Old Danish døja or Old Norse deyja "to die, pass away," both from Proto-Germanic *dawjan (cognates: Old Frisian deja "to kill," Old Saxon doian, Old High German touwen, Gothic diwans "mortal"), from PIE root *dheu- (3) "to pass away, die, become senseless" (cognates: Old Irish dith "end, death," Old Church Slavonic daviti, Russian davit' "to choke, suffer").
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It has been speculated that Old English had *diegan, from the same source, but it is not in any of the surviving texts and the preferred words were steorfan (see starve), sweltan (see swelter), wesan dead, also forðgan and other euphemisms.
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Languages usually don't borrow words from abroad for central life experiences, but "die" words are an exception, because they are often hidden or changed euphemistically out of superstitious dread. A Dutch euphemism translates as "to give the pipe to Maarten." Regularly spelled dege through 15c., and still pronounced "dee" by some in Lancashire and Scotland. Used figuratively (of sounds, etc.) from 1580s. Related: Died; dies.
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die (n.)
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early 14c. (as a plural, late 14c. as a singular), from Old French de "die, dice," which is of uncertain origin. Common Romanic (cognates: Spanish, Portuguese, Italian dado, Provençal dat, Catalan dau), perhaps from Latin datum "given," past participle of dare (see date (n.1)), which, in addition to "give," had a secondary sense of "to play" (as a chess piece); or else from "what is given" (by chance or Fortune). Sense of "stamping block or tool" first recorded 1690s.
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双语例句：
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1. He won his first Derby on the aptly named "Never Say Die".
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他驾驭着这匹名副其实的“永不言败”夺得了他的第一个德比马赛冠军。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. You stay here, you die. No two ways about it.
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你若留在这里，必死无疑。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. A new study proved conclusively that smokers die younger than non-smokers.
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一项新的研究确证了吸烟者比不吸烟者死得早。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. Lung cells die and are replaced about once a week.
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肺细胞约每周新老更替一次。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. They often take a long time to die back after flowering.
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花期过后，它们的枝叶常常过很长一段时间才会枯萎。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
41、
At least they died happy.
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至少他们死时很幸福。【牛津词典】
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He died a poor man.
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他在贫困中死去。【牛津词典】
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The old customs are dying.
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旧的习俗正在消亡。【牛津词典】
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His secret died with him (= he never told anyone) .
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他的秘密随同他一起进了坟墓。【牛津词典】
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to die of/from cancer
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死于癌症【牛津词典】
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Her husband died suddenly last week.
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她的丈夫上周猝死。【牛津词典】
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He died for his beliefs.
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他为自己的信仰献身。【牛津词典】
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That plant's died.
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那植物已经枯萎。【牛津词典】
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I'll never forget it to my dying day (= until I die) .
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我将终生不忘。【牛津词典】
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(informal) I nearly died when I saw him there (= it was very embarrassing) .
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看到他在那里我简直无地自容。【牛津词典】
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to die a violent/painful/natural, etc. death
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横死、痛苦地死去、尽其天年等【牛津词典】
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She died young.
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她年纪轻轻就死了。【牛津词典】
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I nearly died of shame...
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我羞愧难当。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It was too late and too urgent to turn back. The die was cast.
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现在为时已晚，来不及回头。事情已成定局了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Old habits die hard...
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积习难改。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Such prejudices die hard.
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这些偏见很难消除。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I nearly died when I learned where I was ending up...
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得知自己到了哪里时，我简直要晕过去了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The elm trees are all dying...
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那些榆树全都奄奄一息了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Every working day I treat people who are dying from lung diseases caused by smoking.
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每天上班我都要医治那些因吸烟患上肺病的垂危患者。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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He watched helplessly as his mother died an agonizing death...
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他无助地看着母亲痛苦地死去。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I'm no expert, but I don't think Tracy died a natural death.
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我不是什么专家，但我不认为特蕾西是自然死亡。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Then suddenly, the engine coughed, spluttered and died.
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然后，发动机突然咔咔地响着，发出一阵噼啪声，接着就彻底熄火了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Her cigarette glowed brightly, then died.
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她的香烟燃起一阵亮光，然后就熄灭了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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My love for you will never die...
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我对你的爱永不止息。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Kathryn looked down at the floor and the smile died on her lips.
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凯瑟琳低头看向地板，笑容从她的嘴角消失了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Order me a pot of tea, I'm dying of thirst.
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给我来一壶茶，我快要渴死了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I'm dying for a breath of fresh air...
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我非常渴望能呼吸到新鲜空气。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She was dying to talk to Frank.
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她很想同弗兰克谈谈。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A year later my dog died...
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一年后我的狗死了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Sadly, both he and my mother died of cancer...
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非常不幸的是，他和我母亲都死于癌症。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Hackman ( ' , who died in 2013) noted that teams are hindered by problems of co-ordination and motivation that chip away at the benefits of collaboration.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we're adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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As a day-to-day essential, it will die off with the generation who read print newspapers.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on (继续存在) well into the 16th century.【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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Mr Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging that magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.【出自-2012年12月阅读原文】
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There's a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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When she died in 1916 she left her children 100 million dollars【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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Herpin died at the age of 94, never, it seems, having slept at all.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
112、
Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb "Time is money" is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before.【出自-2011年12月听力原文】
113、
millions die early from air pollution each year.【2018年12月四级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
114、
While 53% believe men will continue to hold more top executive positions in business in die future, 44% say it's only a matter of time before as many women are in top executive positions as men.【2019年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
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They are more likely to be at risk of dying.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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The birds can easily eat pieces of plastic or rubber hands and they can die, said Flack.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Andrea Flack of the Max Planck Institute found that birds following traditional migration routes were more likely to die than German storks that flew only as far as northern Morocco, and spent the winter there on rubbish dumps.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Why should you consider taking a course in demography in college? You’ll be growing up in a generation where the baby boomers are going into retirement and dying.【出自-2017年6月听力原文】
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Nearly 2.2 million people die a year because of diarrhea-related ( ' , 与腹泻相关 的) diseases, according to WHO statistics.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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Mothers have been warned for years that sleeping with their newborn infant is a bad idea, because it increases the risk that the baby might die unexpectedly during the night.【出自-2016年6月听力原文】
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One reason for the rise in deaths from Alzheimer’s disease in this group may be that developing this condition remains possible even after people beat the odds of dying from other diseases such as cancer.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
122、
18,434 centenarias died in 2000, whereas 25,914 died in 2014.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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Why does love die?Changing technology and markets have stimulated the team approach tomanagement.【出自-2015年12月听力原文】
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In Pakistan, 1,000women die in honor killings every year.【出自-2013年12月阅读原文】
125、
That's the sound of a dying forest.【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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trees that are dying usually give out a soft moan【出自-2013年6月阅读原文】
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So when fly the north, they might lay eggs in Louisiana and die.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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Hutton Dennis, born Darlington, 1836, died New York, 1920.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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In 1920 he went to teach in New York and died there suddenly after only three weeks【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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Any art student I know would die to have an exhibition here.【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
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However, soon after these fierce outbreaks, the virus died out, at least temporarily.【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
132、
Benjamin Franklin, a famous American diplomat, writer and scientist, died in 1790, but his proverb "Time is money" is taken more seriously by Americans of today than ever before.【出自-2011年12月听力原文】
133、
Just one more, then he died in that car crash in California in 1955.【出自-2010年6月听力原文】
134、
But once these plants use up their stored reserve or tap out the underground supply, they cease growing and start to die.【2018年6月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section B】
135、
fish have a refuge in the streams and can expand into the lagoons when the lake is low and the lagoons are separate, Harper said All the lagoons join when the lake is high and fish must retreat to their stream refuges or die.【2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C】
136、
Humans cannot, and would die if their legs were exposed for any length of time.【2017年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C】
137、
Nearly 2.2 million people die a year because of diarrhea-related diseases, according to WHO statistics.【2016年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
138、
"The birds can easily eat pieces of plastic or rubber hands and they can die, " said Flack.【2017年6月六】
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