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stale
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音标：英 [steɪl] 美 [stel]
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解释：
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adj. 陈腐的；不新鲜的
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vi. 变陈旧；撒尿；变得不新鲜
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vt. 使变旧；变得不新鲜
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n. 尿
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n. (Stale)人名；(塞)斯塔莱
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助记提示：
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1. Something that is stale has etymologically been allowed to 'stand' – so that it is no longer fresh.
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2. Stale originally denoted wine, beer, etc that had 'stood' long enough for the sediment to clear.
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中文词源：
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stale 陈腐的，污浊的可能来自古法语 estal,存放的，固定位置的，来自 Proto-Germanic*stallaz,放置，固定位置， 来自 PIE*stel,放置，站立，词源同 stall,stand.引申比喻义久放的，陈腐的，污浊的。
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英文词源：
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stale
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stale: [13] Something that is stale has etymologically been allowed to ‘stand’ – so that it is no longer fresh. The word comes from Old French estale ‘stationary’, a derivative of estaler ‘halt’ (from which English gets the verb stall). And this in turn goes back ultimately to the prehistoric Germanic base *sta- ‘stand’. Stale originally denoted wine, beer, etc that had ‘stood’ long enough for the sediment to clear (‘If mead is well sod [boiled] and stale it is liking to the taste’, John de Trevisa, De proprietatibus rerum 1398), and it was not until the early 16th century that derogatory connotations of lack of freshness began to creep in.
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=> stall, stand
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stale (adj.)
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early 13c., "freed from dregs or lees" (of ale, wine, etc.), probably literally "having stood long enough to clear," ultimately from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet); probably via Old French estal "placed, fixed position," from Frankish *stal- "position" (see stall (n.1)). Cognate with Middle Dutch stel "stale" (of beer and old urine). Originally a desirable quality (in beer and wine); the meaning "not fresh" is first recorded late 15c. Figurative sense (of immaterial things) "old and trite, hackneyed" is recorded from 1560s. As a noun, "that which has become tasteless by exposure," hence "a prostitute" (in Shakespeare, etc.). Related: Staleness.
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stale (v.)
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mid-15c., from stale (adj.). Related: Staled; staling.
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双语例句：
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1. He was aware of the stink of stale beer on his breath.
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他知道自己嘴里有股变味啤酒的馊味。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. The Government, he said, were sticking to stale ideas.
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他说政府仍在抱残守缺。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. I believe in progression, in taking risks, in never getting stale.
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我崇尚进取、冒险和永不倦怠。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. There was a powerful smell of stale beer.
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有一种呛人的过期啤酒味。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Your breath reeks of stale cigar smoke.
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你满嘴都是难闻的雪茄味。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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stale cigarette smoke
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难闻的烟味儿【牛津词典】
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stale sweat
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汗臭味【牛津词典】
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stale jokes
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老掉牙的笑话【牛津词典】
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Their marriage had gone stale .
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他们的婚姻已了无热情。【牛津词典】
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After ten years in the job, she felt stale and needed a change.
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在那个岗位干了十年之后，她觉得腻了，需要换换工作。【牛津词典】
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Their daily diet consisted of a lump of stale bread, a bowl of rice and stale water.
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他们的日常饮食包括一块不新鲜的面包、一碗米饭和变味的水。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A layer of smoke hung low in the stale air.
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一层烟雾低悬在污浊的空气中。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...the smell of stale sweat.
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汗臭味【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I believe in progression, in taking risks, in never getting stale.
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我崇尚进取、冒险和永不倦怠。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Her relationship with Mark has become stale...
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她和马克之间已经没有新鲜感了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The Government, he said, were sticking to stale ideas.
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他说政府仍在抱残守缺。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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They bait the mousetrap with stale cheese.
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他们用变质的乳酪作捕鼠夹的诱饵.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The air of the room was fetid with stale tobacco smoke.
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房间里的空气有陈烟的臭味.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The pale scale on sale probably has a stale tale.
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减价出售的天平很可能有一个陈旧的故事.【期刊摘选】
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A selfish shellfish smelt a stale fish.
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自私的贝类嗅了嗅不新鲜的鱼味.【期刊摘选】
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Nobody likes your stale jokes.
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谁也不喜欢听你那些陈旧的笑话.【辞典例句】
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There was only a piece of stale cake left in the refrigerator.
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现在只有一个陈旧的一块蛋糕在冰箱的左侧.【期刊摘选】
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How should old bone injury treat stale?
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陈旧老骨伤该怎样治疗?【期刊摘选】
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Never did he call for anything but stale bread.
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这个人除干面包以外从不买任何别的东西.【期刊摘选】
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A proverb never stale in thrifty mind.
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睿智者视谚语千古不朽.【期刊摘选】
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The bread is too stale to eat.
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面包太陈不能吃了.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The room smelled musty and stale.
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这个房间闻起来有股发霉的陈味儿.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The phony glamour of night clubs soon became stale and boring.
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夜总会那种虚荣的繁华不久便失去了新意而使人生厌.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Running water never gets stale.
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流水不腐.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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I gagged on the stench of stale urine.
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尿臊味让我想吐.【《简明英汉词典》】
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It's so stale in here, Mary, please open the window and air this place out.
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这里的气味太不好了.玛丽, 请打开一扇窗子,让这个地方透透气.【《简明英汉词典》】
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There's no need to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do some self-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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For example, she would say, you'll get a spot on your tongue if you tell a lie; if you eat stale bread, your hair will curl.【2017年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section B】
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There's no need to go out and find people you hate, but you need to do some self-assessment to determine where you have become stale in your thinking.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
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minister of social security, quickly commissioned a study to determine the causes of and possible cures for this disturbing stale of affairs.【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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