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discipline
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音标：英 ['dɪsɪplɪn] 美 ['dɪsəplɪn]
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解释：
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n. 学科；纪律；训练；惩罚
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vt. 训练，训导；惩戒
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助记提示：
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1、dis- "apart" + cip- => discip- "grasp intellectually, analyze thoroughly" => 进而引申为: learn.
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2、discip- + -le(diminutive) => people that learn.
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3、disciple => discipl- + -ine.
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4、含义：order necessary for instruction, treatment that corrects or punishes, branch of instruction or education, military training, orderly conduct as a result of training.
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中文词源：
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discipline 训练，纪律来自disciple, 学习，门徒。引申词义训练，必要的纪律，惩罚。
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英文词源：
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discipline
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discipline: [13] The Latin word for ‘learner’ was discipulus, a derivative of the verb discere ‘learn’ (which was related to docēre ‘teach’, source of English doctor, doctrine, and document). English acquired the word in Anglo- Saxon times, as discipul, and it was subsequently reformulated as disciple on the model of Old French deciple. Derived from discipulus was the noun disciplīna ‘instruction, knowledge’. Its meaning developed gradually into ‘maintenance of order (necessary for giving instruction)’, the sense in which the word first entered English (via Old French discipline).
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=> disciple, doctor, doctrine, document
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discipline (n.)
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early 13c., "penitential chastisement; punishment," from Old French descepline (11c.) "discipline, physical punishment; teaching; suffering; martyrdom," and directly from Latin disciplina "instruction given, teaching, learning, knowledge," also "object of instruction, knowledge, science, military discipline," from discipulus (see disciple (n.)).
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Sense of "treatment that corrects or punishes" is from notion of "order necessary for instruction." The Latin word is glossed in Old English by þeodscipe.
Meaning "branch of instruction or education" is first recorded late 14c. Meaning "military training" is from late 15c.; that of "orderly conduct as a result of training" is from c. 1500.
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discipline (v.)
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c. 1300; see discipline (n.). Related: Disciplined; disciplines; disciplining.
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双语例句：
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1. To start a revolution, you need discipline, incisiveness and articulacy.
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要革命，就要守纪律、看得远、善表达。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. The aim of discipline is to teach children to behave acceptably.
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纪律的目的是教育儿童举止得体。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.
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音乐学习中的训练可以帮助孩子们培养好的工作习惯。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. Hospital discipline was broken. Amy would have to explain herself.
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破坏了医院的纪律，埃米将不得不为自己辩解。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Self-discipline, willingness, enthusiasm, that's what you must depend on.
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自律、自愿与热情，这是你所必须依仗的。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.
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这所学校因纪律严格而名闻遐迩。【牛津词典】
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Strict discipline is imposed on army recruits.
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新兵受严格的纪律约束。【牛津词典】
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She keeps good discipline in class.
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她严格执行课堂纪律。【牛津词典】
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Yoga is a good discipline for learning to relax.
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瑜伽是一种学习放松的有效方法。【牛津词典】
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He'll never get anywhere working for himself─he's got no discipline.
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他为自己工作是不会有什么成就的——他毫无自制力。【牛津词典】
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The officers were disciplined for using racist language.
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这些军官因使用种族歧视性语言而受到惩罚。【牛津词典】
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a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child
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管教子女最佳方法指南【牛津词典】
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He disciplined himself to exercise at least three times a week.
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他规定自己每周至少锻炼三次。【牛津词典】
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Dieting is a matter of disciplining yourself.
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节食是自我控制的问题。【牛津词典】
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a disciplined army/team
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纪律严明的军队 / 团队【牛津词典】
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a disciplined approach to work
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严格的工作态度【牛津词典】
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You've got to make sure that people work together across disciplines...
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你必须确保让那些出身不同学科的人一起共事。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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We're looking for people from a wide range of disciplines.
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我们需要各个学科的人才。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I'm very good at disciplining myself.
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我能做到严格自律。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Order and discipline have been placed in the hands of headmasters and governing bodies.
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维持秩序和纪律的工作已交接给了校长和管理机构了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...discipline problems in the classroom.
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课堂纪律问题【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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It was that image of calm and discipline that appealed to voters.
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正是那个冷静、自律的形象打动了选民。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...inner disciplines like transcendental meditation...
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内省，如冥思静坐【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The discipline of studying music can help children develop good work habits.
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音乐学习中的训练可以帮助孩子们培养好的工作习惯。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed...
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那个工人受到了公司的处罚，但并没有被解雇。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Her husband had at last taken a share in disciplining the boy.
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她的丈夫最后也加了进来一起教训那个男孩。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Out on the course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory...
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在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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The accused man said he had been framed.
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被告说他受人陷害了.【期刊摘选】
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A little discipline would do him a world of good.
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略加惩处对他会大有好处.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most "practical" way out of the problem "Major in a subject designed to get you a job" seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as "soft" often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run.【出自-2014年6月阅读原文】
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Most of them did not have any sense of discipline.【出自-2012年6月阅读原文】
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Rather, the point is to use the results of this study to open up meaningful dialogues on implicit gender bias, be it at a departmental level or an institutional level or even a discipline level.【2017年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C】
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Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding confusion later on.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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The absence of rigorous discipline.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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As a poet, Ted Hughes had an acute sensitivity to the way in which constraints on self-expression, like the disciplines of metre and rhyme (韵律), spur creative thought【出自-2013年12月阅读原文】
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In the America of our own time, the great educational challenge has become an effort to strengthen the teaching of what is now known as the STEM disciplines (science, technology, engineering, and math).【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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There is considerable and justified concern that the United States is falling behind much of the rest of the developed world in these essential disciplines【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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America is lagging behind in the STEM disciplines【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Moreover they site several advantages: alleviation of school overcrowding, strengthen family relationships, lower dropout rates, the facts that students are allowed to learn at their own rate, increased motivation, higher standardized test scores, and reduced discipline problems.【出自-2013年12月听力原文】
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The most common topics they discussed included kids' sleep, nutrition, discipline, behavior problems and day care and preschool.【2018年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B】
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A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline.【2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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As expected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.【2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读表达 原文】
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Second, youth-sport programs have long been considered important to youth's psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control.【2015年高考英语上海卷 阅读理解 阅读表达 原文】
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This one requires a bit of discipline.【2017年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
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To be punctual one has to have self-discipline, and the lack of it affects others.【2015年高考英语陕西卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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These are disciplines that are going out of style: 22% of American college graduates now major in business compared with only 2% in history and 4% in English.【出自-2011年考研阅读原文】
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So disciplines acquire a monopoly not just over the production of knowledge, but also over the production of the producers of knowledge.【出自-2011年考研阅读原文】
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No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities.【出自-2011年考研阅读原文】
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It could be that we are evolving two communities of social scientists: one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly specialized journals, and one that is problem-oriented and publishing elsewhere, such as policy briefs.【出自-2013年考研阅读原文】
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So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills - and in their choices on when to share on social media.【出自-2018年考研阅读原文】
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Markets have lost faith that the euro zone's economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.【2011年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills-and in their choices on when to share on social media.【2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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