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essay
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音标：英 ['eseɪ] 美 ['ɛse]
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解释：
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n. 散文；试图；随笔
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vt. 尝试；对…做试验
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中文词源：
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essay 散文，企图来自拉丁语exigere, 尝试，测试，来自ex-, 向外，ig-, 做，尝试，词源同agent. 英国学者弗朗西斯·培根用该词命名一种新的写作文体。assay为其拼写异体词，但词义发生了变化。
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英文词源：
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essay
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essay: [15] Essay and assay [14] are fundamentally the same word, and only began to diverge in the 15th century. Both come via Old French assaier from Vulgar Latin *exagiāre ‘weigh out’, a verb derived from late Latin exagium ‘weighing’; this in turn was formed from the Latin verb exigere ‘weigh’ (source of English exact and examine).
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Accordingly, both originally had underlying connotations of ‘testing by weighing’. But while these have become more concrete in assay ‘analyse precious metals’, essay has, under the influence of French essayer, gone down the more metaphorical route from ‘test’ to ‘try’. The verb now survives only in fairly formal use, but the noun is much more frequent, owing to its application to a ‘short nonfictional literary composition’.
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It was first used thus in English by Francis Bacon in 1597 as the title of a collection of such pieces, and it is generally assumed that he borrowed the idea from the Essais of Montaigne, published in 1580.
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=> assay, exact, examine
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essay (n.)
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1590s, "trial, attempt, endeavor," also "short, discursive literary composition" (first attested in writings of Francis Bacon, probably in imitation of Montaigne), from Middle French essai "trial, attempt, essay" (in Old French from 12c.), from Late Latin exagium "a weighing, a weight," from Latin exigere "drive out; require, exact; examine, try, test," from ex- "out" (see ex-) + agere (see act (n.)) apparently meaning here "to weigh." The suggestion is of unpolished writing. Compare assay, also examine.
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essay (v.)
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"to put to proof, test the mettle of," late 15c., from Middle French essaier, from essai "trial, attempt" (see essay (n.)). This sense has mostly gone with the divergent spelling assay. Meaning "to attempt" is from 1640s. Related: Essayed; essaying.
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双语例句：
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1. This was a troubling essay on the anatomy of nationhood.
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这是一篇剖析民族主义的让人不安的文章。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. His first essay in running a company was a notoriously tough undertaking.
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众所周知，他第一次尝试经营公司时十分艰难。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. The points you make are fine, but the whole essay lacks coherence.
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你提出的论点很好，但整篇文章缺乏呼应连贯。
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来自《权威词典》
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4. Reading this essay was an elevating experience.
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阅读这篇短文很有启发。
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来自《权威词典》
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5. an essay on the causes of the First World War
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关于第一次世界大战起因的文章
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来自《权威词典》
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更多相关例句：
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His first essay in politics was a complete disaster.
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他初次涉足政坛便碰得头破血流。【牛津词典】
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an essay on the causes of the First World War
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关于第一次世界大战起因的文章【牛津词典】
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We asked Jason to write an essay about his hometown and about his place in it.
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我们让贾森写一篇有关他的家乡和他自己的家的短文。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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...Thomas Malthus's essay on population.
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托马斯·马尔萨斯有关人口的论文【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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Sinclair essayed a smile but it could hardly have been rated as a success.
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辛克莱想试着微笑一下，但根本没有笑出来。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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I can decide nothing until I have consulted my wife.
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我没有跟太太商量过,什么都不能决定.【期刊摘选】
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Here's the essay for you to look over.
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这篇文章请你过目[过一下目].【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The matter in your essay is excellent but the style is deplorable.
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你的文章内容不错,但是文体很糟.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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There is a large crop of mistakes in your essay.
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你的文章中错误百出.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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He was writing his essay when, all of a sudden, he was seized with giddiness.
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他正在写论文, 突然一阵头晕.【《简明英汉词典》】
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After being touched up, the essay reads more smoothly.
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稿子经过这样一改,念起来就顺口多了.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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He's now revising the first draft of his essay.
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他目前正修改他的文章初稿.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The essay is most penetrating and powerful.
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这篇杂文极为深刻有力.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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There is much food for thought in this essay.
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这篇杂文中有不少发人深思的东西.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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I inadvertently passed this essay by.
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我漫不经心地把这篇散文忽略过去了.【《简明英汉词典》】
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This is a thoughtful essay.
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这是一篇具有思想性的随笔.【《简明英汉词典》】
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She needs the discipline of having to write an essay every week.
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她需要进行每周写一篇文章的训练.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Cut out the paragraph unnecessary for the essay.
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删掉论文中不必要的段落.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The essay treats of the progress in cancer research.
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这篇文章讲述了癌症研究的进展情况.【《简明英汉词典》】
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He threaded several causal ideas into a charming essay.
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他把几段有关因果的概念穿插在一篇引人入胜的文章中.【《简明英汉词典》】
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I wrote tortuous essay for obscure journals.
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我给一些无名杂志写一些拐弯抹角的文章.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.
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由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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This essay needs polishing.
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这篇文章还得顺一顺.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The essay was pithily written.
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文章写得很简洁.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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It's an essay heavy with surplus phrasing.
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这是篇废话连篇的散文.【《简明英汉词典》】
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In writing an essay one must do a lot of pruning.
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写文章要下一番剪裁的工夫.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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This essay is so short that it can only scratch the surface of the topic.
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这篇文章很短,只能对这一问题作肤浅的探讨.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The matter in your essay is good but the style is deplorable.
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你文章的内容很好,但是体裁太糟糕了.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The points you make are fine, but the whole essay lacks coherence.
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你提出的论点很好，但整篇文章缺乏呼应连贯。【《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》】
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Reading this essay was an elevating experience.
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阅读这篇短文很有启发。【《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》】
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When good students turn in an essay, they dream of their instructor returning it to them in exactly the same condition, save for a single word added in the margin of the final page: Flawless.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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The author's mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws in his seemingly perfect essay.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay as flawless.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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Somewhere along the way I set aside my hopes of writing that flawless essay.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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Once the essay was flawless, she would take an evening to walk me through my errors.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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In any event, my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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I am sure I wrote essays in the later years of high school without my mother's guidance, but I can't recall them.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled.【出自-2010年6月阅读原文】
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I'm calling to see whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay.【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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She was in the middle of writing an essay【出自-2014年6月听力原文】
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For each assignment, I was to write the best essay I could.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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In any event, my mother and her red pen showed me how deeply flawed a flawless essay could be.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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Once the essay was "flawless," she would take an evening to walk me through my errors.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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Perhaps the point of writing the flawless essay was not to give up, but to never willingly finish.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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The Perfect Essay Looking back on too many years of education, I can identify one truly impossible teacher.【2015年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B】
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This year, the programs range from one that turns the house into a collaborative essay to one that explores the meaning of exile.【2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C】
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Recently, we examined more than 400 essays on the laws of life that teens from two communities had written as part of an educational program initiated by the John Templeton Foundation in Radnor, Pa.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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In those essays, and in follow-up interviews with a few of the teenagers, we found lots of insight, positive feeling and inspirational thinking.【出自-2016年6月阅读原文】
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A machine can read millions of essay within minutes.【2018年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.【2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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On February 5, submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights.【2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文】
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March 9: submit a final draft of your essay.【2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文】
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Years ago, I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.【2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975,is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket.【出自-2010年考研阅读原文】
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In an essay entitled "Making it in America", the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill has only two employees today, "a man and a dog".【2013年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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Such actions to seek knowledge and to understand what information we already knew were captured by the Latin phrase "sapere aude" or "dare to know", after Immanuel Kant used it in his essay An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment?【2020年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ】
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