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bird
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音标：英 [bɜːd] 美 [bɝd]
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解释：
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n. 鸟；家伙；羽毛球
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vt. 向…喝倒彩；起哄
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vi. 猎鸟；观察研究野鸟
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n. (Bird)人名；(英、西)伯德
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中文词源：
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bird 鸟词源不详。
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英文词源：
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bird
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bird: [OE] Bird is something of a mystery word. It was not the ordinary Old English word for ‘feathered flying animal’; that was fowl. In Old English, bird meant specifically ‘young bird, nestling’. It did not begin to replace fowl as the general term until the 14th century, and the process took many hundreds of years to complete. Its source is quite unknown; it has no obvious relatives in the Germanic languages, or in any other Indo-European language.
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The connotations of its original meaning have led to speculation that it is connected with breed and brood (the usual Old English form was brid, but the r and i subsequently became transposed in a process known as metathesis), but no convincing evidence for this has ever been advanced. As early as 1300, bird was used for ‘girl’, but this was probably owing to confusion with another similar Middle English word, burde, which also meant ‘young woman’.
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The usage crops up from time to time in later centuries, clearly as an independent metaphorical application, but there does not really seem to be an unbroken chain of occurrences leading up to the sudden explosion in the use of bird for ‘young woman’ in the 20th century. Of other figurative applications of the word, ‘audience disapproval’ (as in ‘get the bird’) comes from the hissing of geese, and in ‘prison sentence’ bird is short for bird lime, rhyming slang for time.
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bird (n.1)
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Old English bird, rare collateral form of bridd, originally "young bird, nestling" (the usual Old English for "bird" being fugol, for which see fowl (n.)), which is of uncertain origin with no cognates in any other Germanic language. The suggestion that it is related by umlaut to brood and breed is rejected by OED as "quite inadmissible." Metathesis of -r- and -i- was complete 15c. Middle English, in which bird referred to various young animals and even human beings, may have preserved the original meaning of this word. Despite its early attestation, bridd is not necessarily the oldest form of bird. It is usually assumed that -ir- from -ri- arose by metathesis, but here, too, the Middle English form may go back to an ancient period. [Liberman]
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Figurative sense of "secret source of information" is from 1540s. Bird dog (n.) attested from 1832, a gun dog used in hunting game birds; hence the verb (1941) meaning "to follow closely." Bird-watching attested from 1897. Bird's-eye view is from 1762. For the birds recorded from 1944, supposedly in allusion to birds eating from droppings of horses and cattle.A byrde yn honde ys better than three yn the wode. [c. 1530]
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bird (n.3)
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"middle finger held up in a rude gesture," slang derived from 1860s expression give the big bird "to hiss someone like a goose," kept alive in vaudeville slang with sense of "to greet someone with boos, hisses, and catcalls" (1922), transferred 1960s to the "up yours" hand gesture (the rigid finger representing the hypothetical object to be inserted) on notion of defiance and contempt. Gesture itself seems to be much older (the human anatomy section of a 12c. Latin bestiary in Cambridge describes the middle finger as that "by means of which the pursuit of dishonour is indicated").
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bird (n.2)
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"maiden, young girl," c. 1300, confused with burd (q.v.), but felt by later writers as a figurative use of bird (n.1). Modern slang meaning "young woman" is from 1915, and probably arose independently of the older word.
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双语例句：
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1. Our school had a mascot known as Freddy Bird.
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我们学校有一个名叫“弗雷迪小鸟”的吉祥物。
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来自柯林斯例句
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2. The sand martin is a brown bird with white underneath.
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崖沙燕是一种褐羽白腹的鸟。
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来自柯林斯例句
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3. At one point a bird trilled in the Conservatory.
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有那么一刻，一只鸟儿在温室里啼叫。
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来自柯林斯例句
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4. Among the most spectacular sights are the great sea-bird colonies.
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庞大的海鸟群是最壮观的景象之一。
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来自柯林斯例句
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5. Put stuffing into the cavity and truss the bird.
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把填料放到腔内，把鸟的腿和翅膀扎紧。
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来自柯林斯例句
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更多相关例句：
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a bird's nest with two eggs in it
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内有两只鸟蛋的鸟窝【牛津词典】
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a species of bird
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一种鸟【牛津词典】
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The area has a wealth of bird life.
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这个地区栖息着大量的鸟。【牛津词典】
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a wise old bird
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处世老练的人【牛津词典】
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She is that rare bird: a politician with a social conscience.
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她是这么一种少见的人：有社会良知的政治家。【牛津词典】
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They warned him that next time he'd find himself doing bird.
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他们警告他下次他可能就要进监狱了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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As usual, Wheeler, a wise old bird, got it right...
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和往常一样，惠勒——一个非常聪明的人——又做对了。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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She was such a decent old bird.
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她是一个如此端庄的女人。【柯林斯高阶英语词典】
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A bird skimmed over the stream.
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鸟儿掠过溪流.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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He was able to shoot down a flying bird with the bow and arrow.
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他张弓搭箭能射落空中的飞鸟.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The bird is beating feebly.
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那只鸟的翅膀在无力地扑扇着.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The bird fluffed its feathers.
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鸟啄它的羽毛使之松散.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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The bird tucked its wings.
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小鸟抿着翅膀.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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The currents of air that the walls of the ship direct upwards, as well as in line of its course are enough to give the great bird with its immense wings sufficent sustenance and progress.
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沿着船壁向上引导的以及与航行方向一致的气流足以给这种长有特大翅膀的大鸟以充分的支撑力和前进力.【《用法词典》】
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The cat is on the chair trying to get at the bird.
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猫在椅子上想逮那只鸟.【《简明英汉词典》】
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A bird skimmed low over the heather.
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一只鸟儿低掠过石南花.【《简明英汉词典》】
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Now that I've got my divorce, I feel as free as a bird.
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由于我已经离婚, 我觉得自由自在了.【《简明英汉词典》】
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I wish I were [ was ] a bird.
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但愿我能 变成 一只鸟.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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The penguin is a flightless bird.
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企鹅是一种不会飞的鸟.【《简明英汉词典》】
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I want to fly, I want to be an unfettered bird.
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我想要飞，做一只无拘无束的小鸟。【《简明英汉词典》】
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He shot down another bird.
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他又击落了一只鸟.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The girl asked her father to free the bird from the cage.
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那女孩请求她父亲把鸟从笼子里放出去.【《简明英汉词典》】
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There's a bird in the tree.
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树上有只鸟.【《简明英汉词典》】
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The bird spread its wings.
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鸟伸展翅膀.【《现代英汉综合大词典》】
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This bird employs its beak as a weapon.
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这种鸟用嘴作武器.【《现代汉英综合大词典》】
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Crane is a kind of bird with very long legs and neck.
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鹤是一种腿和脖子都很长的鸟.【《简明英汉词典》】
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A decorated egg with a bird on it, given to a young married couple, is a wish for children.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Dr William Bird suggests in his study that wild places may induce impulsive behaviour in people.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Learn five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs.【出自-2010年12月阅读原文】
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Bird lovers, both young and old, have already responded with excitement at the news.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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Some fly very long distances, including one kind of bird that flies from the remote north of the world, all the way to the distant south.【2017年6月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section C】
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The birds will be encouraged to clean the park through the use of a small box that delivers a small amount of bird food.【2019年12月四级真题（第一套）听力 Section A】
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Writing in the journal, the scientists describe how the storks from Germany were clearly affected by the presence of waste sites, with four out of six birds that survived for at least five months overwintering on rubbish dumps in northern Morocco, instead of migrating to the Sahel.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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While many birds travelled along well-known routes to warmer climates, others stopped short and spent the winter on landfills, feeding on food waste, and the multitudes of insects that thrive on the dumps.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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They have seriously polluted the places where birds spend winter.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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They have led some birds to give up on migration.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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They have changed the previous migration habits of certain birds.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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The birds can easily eat pieces of plastic or rubber hands and they can die, said Flack.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Migrating birds affect ecosystems both at home and at their winter destinations, and disrupting the traditional routes could have unexpected side effects.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Landfill sites on the Iberian Peninsula have long attracted local white storks, but all of the Spanish birds tagged in the study flew across the Sahara Desert to the western Sahel.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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In the short-term, the birds seem to benefit from overwintering ( ' , 过冬) on rubbish dumps.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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For the birds, it's a very convenient way to get food.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Andrea Flack of the Max Planck Institute found that birds following traditional migration routes were more likely to die than German storks that flew only as far as northern Morocco, and spent the winter there on rubbish dumps.【出自-2017年6月阅读原文】
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Way up north in the Canadian Arctic, seabirds are picking up dangerous chemicals in the ocean and delivering them to ponds near where the birds live.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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Some 10,000 pairs of the birds, called fulmars, a kind of Arctic seabird, make their nests on Devon Island, north at the Arctic circle.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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People who live, hunt or fish near bird coloniesneed to be careful, the researchers say, The birds don’t mean to cause harm, but the chemicals they carry can cause major problems.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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Other birds unknowingly carry seeds that cling to them for the ride.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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In ponds closest to the colony, the result showed there were far more pollutants than the ponds less affected by the birds.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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Canadian scientists have found a worrisome new example of the power that birds have to spread stuff around.【出自-2016年12月听力原文】
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Birds flock together, fish school together, cattle herd together.【出自-2015年12月阅读原文】
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He captures birds only to let them go when he realizes the cruelty involved.【出自-2013年6月听力原文】
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The bird Clark's nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100, 000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic(共生的) relationship with several pine species, most 32 notably the whitebark pine.【2016年12月六级真题（第一套）阅读 Section A】
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Although birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.【2017年高考英语北京卷 单项填空 原文】
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And the more birds are exposed to light, the more active they are at night.【2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
119、
And why do cats give dead birds to their owners?【2018年高考英语全国卷2 听力 原文】
120、
As recently reported in The Auk: ornithological advances, some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch?【2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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Biologist Kristin says the plan is to see how the birds respond to the multi-colored road this summer.【2019年高考英语全国卷I 听力 原文】
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But when it comes to embryonic learning (胎教), birds could rule the roost.【2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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California condors are north America's largest birds, with wind-length of up to 3 meters.【2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文】
124、
David Dominoni, of Glasgow university, said that light from street lamps, takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds' biological clocks, leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.【2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
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Dr Dominoni, who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns, said lack of sleep could put the birds' health at risk.【2015年高考英语四川卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文】
126、
Embryonic learning helps mother birds to identify the baby birds which fit the environment better.【2017年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读B 题设】
127、
For a time, a few birds survived under human care.【2014年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读B 原文】
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He began studying them, trying to learn the differences betw】
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